Analogy - Complete Study Material with Previous Year Questions
Welcome to our blog on Analogy, an essential topic in Logical Reasoning that plays a crucial role in all the SSC exams. Approximately 2 - 3 questions are certain to appear from this topic in the exam, making it imperative for you to grasp the concepts of Analogy thoroughly and practice a variety of questions.
In this blog, we will comprehensively cover all the theoretical concepts and logical aspects of this topic. Additionally, we have included previously asked questions from various SSC exams, to help you get a feel for what to expect. To facilitate your practice, we've provided a range of practice questions categorized into easy, moderate, and difficult levels, each accompanied by detailed solutions. So, let's dive into the world of Analogy and boost your exam preparation.
What is Analogy
Analogy is the chapter of Logical Reasoning which means similarity and correspondence. It shows the similarity between the two things. In this topic, two sets of elements are given, in which the first set of elements has some similarity or relationship with each other, that same similarity will also be followed by another set of elements.
Let us now understand the different types of analogies that we are going to cover in this blog.
Types of Analogy:
1. Letter Analogy
2. Number Analogy
3. Word Analogy (General Knowledge/ Meaning based)
4. Mixed Analogy
Letter Based Analogy
In this type of analogy, the second set of letters is related to the first set of letters based on a certain similarity. Considering that relationship, you have to find another set that follows a similar pattern.
Example: Choose the fourth element which is related to the third element in the same way as the second element is related to the first element.
FT : UG :: LV : ?
1.OE 2.OD 3.KE 4.BP
Solution: (1) OE
Logic: The letters in the second element are the opposite of the letters given in the first element.
FT : UG - Opposite letter of F = U; Opposite letter of T = G
Similarly, LV : ? - Opposite letter of L = O; Opposite letter of V = E
Number Based Analogy
In this type of analogy, there are two sub-types:
Pair - Based
In this type, the second set of numbers is related to the first set of numbers based on a certain similarity. Considering that relationship you have to find another set that follows a similar pattern.
Example: Choose the fourth element which is related to the third element in the same way as the second element is related to the first element.
38 : 121 :: 75 : ?
1.169 2.324 3.144 4.196
Solution: (3) 144
Logic: The second term is the square of the sum of digits of the number given in the first set.
38 : 121 ⇒ (3 + 8) = 11 ⇒ (11)² = 121
Similarly, 75 : ? ⇒ 7 + 5 = 12 ⇒ (12)² = 144
Similarity - Based
There is another sub-type in which a set of numbers is given in the question. You need to find another set that is based on a similar pattern from the given options.
Example: Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as the numbers of the following set.
(33, 75, 18)
1.(24, 62, 19) 2.(31, 13, 04) 3.(27, 13, 13) 4.None of the above
Solution: (3) (27, 13, 13)
Logic: The third number in the set is the sum of all the digits i.e. first as well as the second number.
(33, 75, 18): First number = 33; Second number = 75
3 + 3 + 7 + 5 = 18
Similarly, (27, 13, 13): First number = 27; Second number = 13
2 + 7 + 1 + 3 = 13
Word Based Analogy
In this type of analogy, the second term is related to the first term either based on General Knowledge (Country, Capital, Currency, Animals and their young ones, etc.) or based on meaning (synonyms, antonyms, etc.). Considering that relationship you have to find another set that follows a similar pattern.
GK - Based
Example: Select the related word/letters/number from the given alternatives.
Acrophobia : Height :: Nyctophobia : ?
1.Fire 2.Air 3.Darkness 4.Light
Solution: (3) Darkness
Logic: Acrophobia is the fear of Height. Similarly, Nyctophobia is the fear of darkness.
Meaning - Based
Example: Select the related word/letters/number from the given alternatives.
Shortest : Tallest :: Coward : ?
1.Brave 2.Greatest 3.Minimum 4.None of the above
Solution: (1) Brave
Logic: Tallest is the opposite of the Shortest. Similarly, Brave is the opposite of Coward.
Mixed Analogy
In this type of analogy, the second set may contain a pair of letters or mixed element (letter and number) that is related to the first set of letters based on a certain similarity. Considering that relationship you have to find another set that follows a similar pattern.
Example: Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
BT : 05 :: VP : ?
1.6 2.4 3.3 4.11
Solution: (4) 11
Logic: 2nd term = absolute difference between the positional value of the opposite of the first letter and the positional value of the second letter.
BT : 05
Opposite of B = Y; Positional value of Y = 25; Positional value of T = 20
So, 25 - 20 = 05
Similarly, VP : ?
Opposite of V = E; Positional value of E = 05; Positional value of P = 16
So, 16 - 05 = 11
Analogy Previous Year Questions
Q:1 BACTERIA : EXFWBUFX :: WOUNDS : ? [SSC CGL Tier I 2022]
1.ZLSQFW
2.ZLRQGV
3.YLRQFV
4.ZRXQGV
Q:2 PATELS : BQFUTM :: NECTAR : ? [SSC CGL Tier I 2022]
1.FOVDBS
2.FODUSZ
3.FOUDSB
4.OEUDQB
Q:3 TAMPO : SCJTJ :: FIFTY : ? [SSC CHSL Tier I 2021]
1.EKCXT
2.EKDXU
3.ELBXT
4.EKCYS
Direction (4 - 10): Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the following set. (NOTE: Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into their constituent digits.)
Q:4 (3, 14, 1) (4, 36, 2) [SSC CGL Tier I 2022]
1.(8, 12, 2)
2.(5, 81, 4)
3.(7, 40, 3)
4.(8, 260, 2)
Q:5 (20, 6, 4) (24, 7, 5) [SSC CGL Tier I 2022]
1.(65, 9, 4)
2.(22, 5, 2)
3.(40, 8, 5)
4.(42, 7, 3)
Q:6 24 : -192 :: -31 : 248 :: -18 : ? [SSC CHSL Tier I 2022]
1.-152
2.-146
3.148
4.144
Q:7 Select the option in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the following set.
(6, 9, 45) [SSC CGL Tier I 2021]
1.(6, 8, 60)
2.(2, 8, 46)
3.(7, 4, 48)
4.(8, 10, 36)
Q:8 173 : 125 : 85 [SSC CHSL Tier I 2021]
1.259 : 199 : 147
2.293 : 228 : 171
3.285 : 221 : 135
4.365 : 293 : 229
Q:9 12 : 72 :: 18 : ? :: 22 : 242 [SSC CGL Tier I 2020]
1.140
2.162
3.160
4.164
Q:10 Earth : Planet :: Moon : ? [SSC CGL Tier I 2022]
1.Rocket
2.Space
3.Satellite
4.Orbit
Solutions of Analogy Previous Year Questions
Q:1 (2) Consonants + 3 = Code
Vowels - 3 = Code
BACTERIA : EXFWBUFX
B + 3 = E, A - 3 = X, C + 3 = F, T + 3 = W, E - 3 = B, R + 3 = U, I - 3 = F, A - 3 = X
Similarly, WOUNDS : ?
W + 3 = Z, O - 3 = L, U - 3 = R, N + 3 = Q, D + 3 = G, S + 3 = V
Q:2 (3) PATELS : BQFUTM
Similarly, NECTAR : ?
Q:3 (1) TAMPO : SCJTJ
T - 1 = S, A + 2 = C, M - 3 = J, P + 4 = T, O - 5 = J
Similarly; FIFTY : ?
F - 1 = E, I + 2 = K, F - 3 = C, T + 4 = X, Y - 5 = T
Q:4 (4) (3, 14, 1): (33 + 13) ÷ 2 = (27 + 1) ÷ 2 = 28 ÷ 2 = 14
(4, 36, 2): (43 + 23) ÷ 2 = (64 + 8) ÷ 2 = 72 ÷ 2 = 36
Similarly, (8, 260, 2): (83 + 23) ÷ 2 = (512 + 8) ÷ 2 = 520 ÷ 2 = 260
Q:5 (1) (20, 6, 4): 62 - 42 = 36 - 16 = 20
(24, 7, 5): 72 - 52 = 49 - 25 = 24
Similarly, (65, 9, 4): 92 - 42 = 81 - 16 = 65
Q:6 (4) 24 : -192 = 24 × (-8) = -192
-31 : 248 = -31 × (-8) = 248
Similarly, -18 : ? = -18 × (-8) = 144
Q:7 (4) Logic : (1st number + 2nd number) × (2nd number - 1st number) = Third Number
(6 + 9) × (9 - 6) = 45
Similarly, (8 + 10) × (10 - 8) = 36
Therefore, (8, 10, 36) is the right option.
Q:8 (4) 173 : 125 : 85
132+ 4 = 173, 112 + 4 = 125, 92 + 4 = 85
Similarly; 365 : 293 : 229
192 + 4 = 365, 172 + 4 = 293, 152 + 4 = 229
Q:9 (2) Given analogy: 12 : 72 :: 18 : ? :: 22 : 242
12 × (12 / 2) = 72
22 × (22 / 2) = 242
Similarly, 18 × (18 / 2) = 162
Q:10 (3) Earth is a Planet.
Similarly, Moon is a satellite.
This blog has provided you with a comprehensive resource for mastering the concept of Analogy. We've covered essential concepts, various types of analogies with previous-year questions from SSC exams. We hope you've found this material beneficial in enhancing your logical reasoning skills. If you found this blog helpful, we would love to hear your thoughts. Please share your feedback in the comment section below. Whether you have questions, suggestions, or simply want to share your success stories, we're here to engage with you. Remember, KD Live is committed to providing detailed study materials and practice questions for all topics to ensure you are well-prepared for your exams. Stay tuned for more valuable resources and keep your exam aspirations alive!
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