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Hey aspirant, welcome back to our captivating “Know your Country” series. This time, we invite you to join on an truly remarkable country that is Spain. Spain is a fascinating country with a rich history and vibrant culture. It’s known for its stunning architecture, delicious cuisine, and lively festivals.

Spain is known as "The land of Rabbits". Before looking at different aspects, one must know the country symbols of the particular country. The country Symbols of Spain.

<table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width:300px">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Spain</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Official Name 
			</td>
			<td>
			The land of Rabbits
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Capital
			</td>
			<td>
			Madrid
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Continent
			</td>
			<td>
			Europe
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Prime Minister
			</td>
			<td>
			Pedro Sanchez 
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Currency
			</td>
			<td>
			The Euro
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Official Language
			</td>
			<td>
			Spanish or Castilian Spanish
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			Major Religion
			</td>
			<td>
			Catholic, Islam
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Flag
			</td>
			<td>
			<img loading="lazy" alt="National Flag of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/National Flag of Spain.webp" style="height:137px; width:200px">
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Anthem
			</td>
			<td>
			Marcha Real
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Game
			</td>
			<td>
			Football
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Bird
			</td>
			<td>
			Imperial Eagle
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Tree
			</td>
			<td>
			Encina (evergreen oak)
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>
			National Flower
			</td>
			<td>
			The Carnation
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

 

<img loading="lazy" alt="spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/spain.webp" style="height:241px; width:400px">

[Source: BSBI]

Now, let’s move on the first aspect of the blog i.e. History of Spain.

<h2 id="content-id-70804-0">History of Spain</h2>

The history of Spain dates to contact the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula made with the Greeks and Phoenicians. During Classical Antiquity, the peninsula was the site of multiple successive colonization’s of Greeks, Carthaginians, and Romans . In 1492 The Christian Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon conquer the Emirate of Granada, ending nearly 800 years of Muslim rule in the south and founding modern Spain as a united state. Christopher Columbus arrives in the Americas, heralding the conquest of much of South and Central America.

<h3><img loading="lazy" alt="History of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/History of Spain.webp" style="height:227px; width:400px"></h3>

[Source: The Tour Guy]

<h3>Ancient and Medieval Period:</h3>

Spain has experienced a rich and varied history. The first modern humans settled in what is now Spain over 35,000 years ago. The Roman conquest began in 218 BC and led to a far-reaching process of cultural assimilation, the repercussions of which continue to be felt today. Spain became part of the Emirate of Damascus and the territories were divided up between the different groups of Moorish invaders. Eventually in 756 A.D. Abd al-Rahman I established the independent Emirate of al-Andalus, based in Cordoba and controlled most of the peninsula.

<h3>Modern Period</h3>

The History of Modern Spain is a comprehensive examination of Spain's history from the beginning of the 19th century to the present day. Bringing together an impressive group of leading figures and emerging scholars in the field from the UK, Canada, the United States, Spain and other European countries, the book innovatively combines a strong and clear political narrative with chapters exploring a wide range of thematic topics, such as gender, family and sexuality, nations and nationalism, empire, environment, religion, migrations and Spain in world history.

Before going further we will get discuss about the Events of the country:

<h2 id="content-id-70804-1">Here is the timeline of some key events in Spain</h2>

<ul>
	<li>18th Century - The War of the Spanish Succession loses Spain its European possessions outside the Iberian Peninsula. </li>
	<li>1910 - Spain seeks compensation in conquering colonies in Africa, most significantly northern Morocco and the Spanish Sahara.</li>
	<li>1920 - The trade boom achieved by neutrality in World War One is squandered through fighting Moroccan rebels in the Rif War </li>
	<li>1931 - The return of democratic government leads to an electoral backlash against the monarchy and its allies, and a republic is declared.</li>
	<li>1950 - As the Cold War deepens the US gradually improves relations with Spain, extending loans in return for military bases.</li>
	<li>1980 - 118 people are killed in one of Eta's bloodiest years.</li>
	<li>1981 February - Right-wing coup attempt fails after King Juan Carlos makes a televised address demanding the plotters surrender.</li>
	<li>1982 - Socialists under Felipe González win elections and govern until 1996</li>
	<li>2002 - Spain adopts the euro.</li>
</ul>

The timeline showcases Spain as a rich and diverse history in a simple way. Let’s move on to the next aspect of this blog i.e. Geographical Aspects.

<h2 id="content-id-70804-2">Geographical Aspects of Spain</h2>

The interior of Spain is a high, dry plateau surrounded and crisscrossed by mountain ranges. Rivers run to the coasts, creating good farmland. Still, the interior of the country gets very hot in summer and very cold and dry in the winter. Droughts are common. Spain is bordered to the west by Portugal; to the northeast it borders France, from which it is separated by the tiny principality of Andorra and by the great wall of the Pyrenees Mountains.

<h3><img loading="lazy" alt="Geographical Aspects of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/Geographical Aspects of Spain.webp" style="height:248px; width:400px"></h3>

[Source: Wallpaper Cave]

<h3>Demographical Aspects:</h3>

Spain, the third-largest country in Europe, has a majority of its 43,484,000 citizens belonging to four major ethnic groups: Basque, Galician, Castilian, and Catalan. Other ethnic minorities exist as well: Andalusian, Gitanos, Levante, Magyars, and Jews. The current population of Spain in 2023 is 47,519,628, a 0.08% decline from 2022. The population of Spain in 2022 was 47,558,630, a 0.15% increase from 2021. The population of Spain in 2021 was 47,486,935, a 0.26% increase from 2020.

<h3>Soil and Vegetation:</h3>

Spain is the EU country with the lowest average soil organic carbon content, 14,9 g/kg compared to the EU average of 43,1 g/kg and has the lowest value compared to other Mediterranean countries. Under oxidizing conditions iron oxides appear, which produces the characteristic red color. According to this theory, terra rossa is a polygenetic relict soil, formed during the Tertiary and subjected to hot and humid periods during the Quaternary. Karstic landscape

Barley and wheat, the major crops in Spain, predominate on the plains of Castile-León, Castile–La Mancha, and Andalusia, while rice is grown in coastal Valencia and southern Catalonia. Corn (maize), grown in the north, is a major fodder product. Spain is the main producer and seller of olive oil and table olives in the world. With an area under cultivation of 2,605,252 hectares (24% of the global total), it produces 44% of all the olive oil and 24% of table olives.

<h3>Climate and Weather:</h3>

Spain is geographically situated in the northern hemisphere and in a temperate zone, its climate is divided into four seasons. Like many other European countries, each season is quite different in Spain. Weather can be very tricky and sometimes we get temperatures below 0ºC. The Spanish climate varies throughout the different regions of the country. In the north temperatures are mild almost all year round, with some cold winters and the landscape can be quite green as it rains very often. On the other hand, in the South winters tend to be gentle whereas summers can get extremely hot.

Now, let’s look at the Political aspects of Spain.

<h2 id="content-id-70804-3">Political Aspects of Spain</h2>

Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major advanced capitalist economy, with the world's fifteenth-largest economy by nominal GD and the fifteenth-largest by PPP. Spain is a unitary state with a parliamentary monarchy government. Territorially, it is organized through three levels of power that are organized by the principle of jurisdiction, there being no hierarchical order between them: State, Autonomous Communities and Local Entities. All these entities enjoy managerial autonomy of their respective interests.

<img loading="lazy" alt="Political aspects of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/Political aspects of Spain.webp" style="height:269px; width:400px">

[Source: The New York Times]

<ul>
	<li>Legislature: The Congress of Deputies is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch, the upper house being the Senate. The Congress meets in the Palace of the Parliament in Madrid.</li>
	<li>Judiciary: The General Council of the Judiciary is a constitutional collegiate, autonomous body, composed of judges and other jurists, who exercise government functions within the Judicial with a view to guarantee the independence of the judges during the exercise of the judicial function before everybody.</li>
	<li>Executive: The Government is occasionally referred to by the metonymy Moncloa, due to the fact that the residence of the Prime Minister, the Palace of Moncloa, is also the headquarters of the Government.</li>
</ul>

Spain is hereby established as a social and democratic State, subject to the rule of law, which advocates as the highest values of its legal order, liberty, justice, equality and political pluralism.

So now, let’s look at the Culture of Spain.

<h2 id="content-id-70804-4">Culture of Spain</h2>

<h3>Language:</h3>

In terms of the number of speakers and dominance, the most prominent of the languages of Spain is Spanish, spoken by about 99% of Spaniards as a first or second language. The official language in Spain is Spanish or Castilian Spanish, which is spoken by all citizens.

<h3>Cuisine:</h3>

Spanish food reflects the principles of the Mediterranean diet, including lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, olive oil, nuts, seafood, and of course wine. It's based on simple, seasonal, high-quality, and nutritious ingredients that are often sourced locally. 

<h3>Festivals:</h3>

The Holy Week or Semana Santa, the Fallas of Valencia, the August Fair in Malaga, and San Fermin are some of the holy festivals of Spain. Out of all Spanish festivals, Tomatina is the most fun one. Festival Quincena Musical de San Sebastián, the oldest festival in Spain.

<h3>Sporting Culture:</h3>

Football is the most popular spectator sport and mass activity in the nation. The most popular famous and participant sport in Spain is soccer, sometimes known as football. Spain's success is more due to the fact that what is internationally known as one country is in fact several rival countries who compete with each other in the field of sports.

<h3>Art and Craft:</h3>

The Arts and Crafts movement was an international trend in the decorative and fine arts that developed earliest and most fully in the British Isles and subsequently spread across the British Empire and to the rest of Europe and America.

<img loading="lazy" alt="Culture Of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/Culture Of Spain.webp" style="height:276px; width:400px">

[Source: TripSavvy]

<h3>Education of Spain</h3>

Education in Spain is compulsory and free between ages 6 and 16 and administered on a regionalized basis. It is not difficult to understand the education system in Spain for it is largely comprehensive and efficient. The Spanish education system is accessible even if language barriers are present. In Spain, you will be able to find both, international as well as Spanish schools.

<h3>Economy of Spain</h3>

Spain is listed 27th in the United Nations Human Development Index and 37th in GDP per capita by the World Bank. Some of the main areas of economic activity are the automotive industry, medical technology, chemicals, shipbuilding, tourism and the textile industry. Spain is one of the largest economies in Europe with a total wealth of $8.48 trillion in 2022. Spain ranks among the wealthiest countries by per capita net worth.

<img loading="lazy" alt="Economy of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/Economy of Spain.webp" style="height:398px; width:400px">

[Source: DONSTRAVELS]

Now, let’s check out some Interesting facts about Spain.

<h2 id="content-id-70804-5">Interesting Facts about Spain</h2>

The country's breathtaking natural landscape offers vast volcanic vistas, pine-covered islands, and blissful beaches. You'll also find remarkable manmade landmarks, from eye-popping modern architecture and sprawling Gothic churches to ancient towns and medieval castles.

<ol>
	<li>Sagrada Familia: Its height is remarkable. When La Sagrada Familia is completed, it will be tallest religious building in all of Europe. The central tower in the middle will reach 170 meters tall. Despite having a powerful height, Gaudí believed that nothing man-made should ever be higher than God's work.</li>
	<li>Antoni Gaudi: Gaudí is best known for his intricate structures throughout Barcelona, with the storied Basílica de la Sagrada Família having become one of the most popular tourist destinations in Europe in the last century.</li>
	<li>Corrida De Toros (Bullfigting): These bullfighting-related fiestas are important community events, often reflecting local and regional identities and traditions. For 600 years the bullfighting spectacle consisted of a mounted aristocrat armed with a lance.</li>
	<li>Flamenco: Spain's greatest writers, Federico García Lorca and renowned composer Manuel de Falla organised the Fiesta del Cante Jondo, a folk music festival dedicated to cante jondo. They did this to stimulate interest in this, by that time unfashionable, flamenco music style.</li>
</ol>

<img loading="lazy" alt="Interesting Facts of Spain" src="https://study.kdcampus.live/admin/assets/uploads/ckeditor/Interesting Facts of Spain.webp" style="height:303px; width:406px">

[Source: CNN]

The combination of the weather, architecture and landscape make Spain a beautiful place. The culture of Spain also plays a part. You are encouraged or even forced at times to slow down, step out of the rat race and enjoy life.

So, this is all for today. If you like this blog, do check out our blog on the country <a href="https://study.kdcampus.live/pdf/know-your-country-interesting-facts-about-germany-geography-polity-national-flag.pdf">Germany</a>. We will meet again with some another interesting facts about some other countries. Till then stay tuned!

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