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<p>Today&#39;s blog is about non-constitutional bodies. Previously, we read about Constitutional bodies which essentially are provided for in our constitution but there are certain non-constitutional bodies which are not mentioned in the constitution but are instead established by a statute i.e. an act of parliament or through an executive action. Non constitutional bodies are the ones that don’t derive their power directly from the Indian Constitution, but either from an act of Legislature, thus known as <strong>Statutory Bodies</strong>, or from an Executive decree, thus known as <strong>Non-Statutory Bodies</strong>.</p>

<h2><strong>A) Planning Commission of India (now Niti Aayog)</strong></h2>

<p>The Planning Commission of India was formed in 1950, with the objective to execute Five-Year Plans of India in the most efficient manner and plan development of the Indian economy. But, in 2015, the Planning Commission which was previously abolished was transformed into NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India). Since then, it has been working to ensure optimal development of India. It is a body which came into being because of an Executive Order and thus it is a non-statutory.</p>

<h2><strong>B) National Human Rights Commission of India (NHRC)</strong></h2>

<p>National Human Rights Commission of India is responsible for protecting the Human Rights interests in the country. It came into function during October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act 1993. Thus, it is a statutory body.</p>

<h2><strong>C) National Commission for Women</strong></h2>

<p>The National Commission for Women is the apex representative body for the protection of interests of women and safeguarding of their rights. It was created under the National Commission for Women Act of 1990.</p>

<h2><strong>D) Central Vigilance Commission</strong></h2>

<p>Central Vigilance Commission was a by-product of the recommendations given by <strong>K. Santhanam Committee </strong>which gave key recommendations to the government on the area of vigilance and check on corruption. The Commission was formed in 1964 and since then, has acted as a guardian. The Commission was set up under the Central Vigilance Commission Act of 2003.</p>

<h2><strong>E) National Commission for Minorities</strong></h2>

<p>The National Commission for Minorities is again one of the most important statutory bodies which work for the welfare of minority populations in India. This commission was a result of the National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992. One more thing which we need to talk about now when talking about Constitutional and Non- Constitutional bodies is that behind many such bodies, there was an intellectual body of people who formulated such commissions. This intellectual body of people is known as a <strong>Parliamentary Committee</strong>, which is further of 2 types namely:</p>

<ol>
	<li>Standing Committee</li>
	<li>Ad-hoc Committee</li>
</ol>

<p>For us, a few notable standing committees play a key role from an examination point of view. Some important incumbent standing committees for us include the following:</p>

<ol>
	<li>Public Accounts Committee headed by MP Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury in 2023</li>
	<li>Estimates Committee headed by MP Girish Bapat in 2023</li>
	<li>Public Undertakings Committee headed by MP Meenakshi Lekhi in 2023</li>
</ol>

<p>In the past too, there have been various famous Standing Committees that were responsible for some of the major issues of Indian politics. A few notable ones include,</p>

<ol>
	<li><strong>Balwant Rai Mehta Committee of 1957 </strong>which was a major contributor of the Panchayati Raj System in India</li>
	<li><strong>Sachar Committee of 2005</strong> which examined the situation of Muslims in India</li>
	<li><strong>The Swaminathan Committee of 2004</strong> discussed the Farm reforms in India.</li>
	<li><strong>Gadgil Committee of 2011</strong> on the protection of the environment along the coast of the Western Ghats etc.</li>
</ol>

<p>Therefore, all such bodies and committees form an integral part of the functioning of government schemes and plans which eventually decide the pace of development in the country. Stay tuned for more.</p>


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