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<p>Hello dear readers, presently we will talk about Outdoor games and we will begin from the game which originated from our India. Let&#39;s start now.</p>

<p>Outdoor games are typically games that must be played outside or require a large play area. However, they are susceptible to weather interference, which could affect the progress of the game.</p>

<h2><strong>Hockey</strong></h2>

<p>It is our national sport (De-Facto) and the roots of hockey are buried deep in antiquity. Historical records show that a crude form of the game was played in Egypt 4,000 years ago. Hockey is played in two versions in the Olympics:</p>

<ol>
	<li>Field Hockey</li>
	<li>Ice Hockey</li>
</ol>

<p>Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family. Each team plays with ten field players and a goalkeeper. Field hockey was played at the Summer Olympics in 1908. Field hockey was introduced at the Olympic Games as a men’s competition at the 1908 Games in London. Till now, India has won the greatest number of gold medals in field hockey at the Olympics which is 8. Major Dhyan Chand was an Indian field hockey player widely regarded as one of the greatest field hockey players in history. Out of 10 Olympics gold medals at Olympics Men’s field hockey secured 8 medals. Ice hockey is a contact winter team sport played on ice skates. A team must not have more than six players on the ice while play is in progress. Typically, these players are one goalkeeper, two defenders, two wings and one centre.</p>

<h2><strong>Baseball</strong></h2>

<p>Baseball is a sport that dates back as far as 1744 and formats of the game have been in place until the modern era today. The game is played between two teams, each made up of 9 players. The game lasts for 9 innings with each team alternating between batting and fielding in each inning. Baseball became an official Olympic sport at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, and was played at each Olympics. The sport was then dropped from the Summer Olympic program, until being revived in the 2020. Cuba won the most medals i.e. 5 including 3 gold medals in the Olympics. Rinku Singh, an Indian baseball player, was the first Indian to play professional baseball and spent several seasons in the minor leagues, reaching the Single- A level.</p>

<h2><strong>Football</strong></h2>

<p>Modern football originated in Britain in the 19th century. Though “folk football” had been played since medieval times with varying rules. Each team can have up to 53 players; however, only 11 players from each team are allowed to play at any given time. FIFA is a non-profit organisation that describes itself as an international governing body of association football, which has headquarters in Zürich, Switzerland. The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men’s national teams in which 32 teams participate. Miroslav Klose is the top goal scorer in the world cups. Brazil participated in 21 world cups and won 5 of them. Portuguese professional footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is now the official record holder for most goals in football history, with 807 goals in 1,110 games for club and country. Lionel Messi a Argentina footballer won most ballon d’or awards i.e. 6 times along with that he holds Guinness World Records title for the most official goals in a calendar year: 91 goals (2012) India has never participated in a FIFA World Cup. After gaining independence in 1947, India managed to qualify for the World Cup held in 1950. Sunil Chhetri is the current captain of the Indian national football team. As of 16 October 2021, Chhetri is the second joint-highest international goal scorer, along with Lionel Messi, among the active players, behind only Cristiano Ronaldo.</p>

<h2><strong>Volleyball</strong></h2>

<p>Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Volleyball has been a part of the Summer Olympics program for both men and women consistently since 1964. Till now, erstwhile Soviet Union has won the highnumber of medals in the men’s tournament i.e. 12 including 7 gold medals. The India men’s national volleyball team represents India in international volleyball competitions. When it comes to Indian volleyball, Jimmy George is often regarded as one of the most famous volleyball players of India & of all time. Charles Frederick “Karch” Kiraly is an American volleyball player, he was a central part of the U.S National Team that won gold medals at the 1984 and 1988 Olympic Games.</p>

<h2><strong>Tennis</strong></h2>

<p>The officially recognized centennial of the game in 1973 commemorating its introduction by Major Walter Clopton Wingfield in 1873, who published the first book of rules that year and took out a patent on his game in 1874. Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program since the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics. The United States won the most medals in Tennis i.e. 39 including 21 gold medals. The four Grand Slam tournaments are the Australian Open in January, the French Open from late May to early June, Wimbledon in late June to early July, and the US Open in August–September, with each played over two weeks. Roger Federer a swiss tennis player is the only person who won the “Laureus World Sportsman of the year” award with a record 4 times (consecutive), He has never retired hurt/injured during a match which makes him the only player to hold the record. Let&#39;s discuss some recent winners of Men&#39;s single from the grandslams:</p>

<ol>
	<li>Australian Open (2023) - Novak Djokovic</li>
	<li>U.S. Open (2022) - Carlos Alcaraz</li>
	<li>Wimbledon (2022) - Novak Djokovic</li>
	<li>French Open (2022) - Rafael Nadal</li>
</ol>

<p>Rafael Nadal a swiss tennis player has won a total of 21 grand slams in history which is the maximum in history. Novak Djokovic a Serbian tennis player who won total 20 grand slams and recorded seven-time year-end world No.1. He has been world No. 1 for a record 365 weeks.[1] Djokovic is one of the eight one male players to achieve the Career Grand Slam and one of the four to achieve the Double Career Grand Slam.</p>

<h2><strong>Rugby</strong></h2>

<p>Rugby is a 15 or 13-a-side team sport. The object of the game is to ground the ball behind the opponent’s try line, into what is called the in-goal area. The 15-a-side players are in the Rugby Union whereas the 13-a-side players are in the Rugby League, there are other differences too. Rugby is said to have originated at Rugby School in Warwickshire, England, in 1823 when during a game of football, William Webb Ellis decided to pick up a ball and go with it. New Zealand won the most Rugby World Cups i.e. 3. India has never played in the Rugby World Cup but they have attempted twice in 2005 and 2008 to qualify for the 2007 Rugby World Cup and 2011 Rugby World Cups respectively.</p>

<h2><strong>Cricket</strong></h2>

<p>Cricket is a game given by the britishers to the Indians and now we are the Champions. There are various records of when cricket was played for the first time in England in the 17th century. Cricket is played between two teams each consisting of 11 players. Cricket has a HUGE fan base around the globe but managed to enter the gate of the Olympics only in 1900, Paris. The international organisation of cricket is ICC (International Cricket Council). It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from Australia, England and South Africa. Currently cricket is played in the 3 formats given below:</p>

<ol>
	<li>Test Cricket: It consists of two innings by two players played for the duration of maximum 5 days, 90 overs maximum for one day.</li>
	<li>One-Day International: It is played in only one day i.e. 50 overs for every team. Earliar it was played as 60 overs for each team.</li>
	<li>T-20: As the 20 in the name implies the duration of the game is maximum 20 overs for each side.</li>
</ol>

<p>Australia has secured 5 wins in the ICC world cup which is held in every 5 years. Sachin Tendulkar holds the record of maximum runs ever scored in all the formats combined i.e. 34357 runs. India won the ICC world cup in 1983 under the leadership of Kapil Dev and in 2011 under the leadership of Mahendra Singh Dhoni. There are many international players from West Bengal, to name a few Sourav Ganguly, Mohammed Shami, Manoj Tiwary, Wriddhiman Saha, Ashok Dinda.</p>

<p>This was all about outdoor games. Hope you enjoyed reading and find it interesting. Stay connected for more. </p>


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